Robert C. Haas
Lake St. Clair Fisheries Research Station
Mt. Clemens, Michigan
Jeffrey S. Schaefer
School of Natural Resources
The University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Abstract.-We investigated
predator-prey interactions among walleye Stizostedion vitreum,
yellow perch Perca flavescens, and other forage fishes
in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron during May-October 1986-1988. We wanted
to determine the extent of interactions between walleye and yellow
perch and their impact on the forage fish community. Walleye primarily
consumed cyprinids, young-of-the-year clupeids, and rainbow smelt
Osmerus mordax, but age-2 and age-3 walleye relied on yellow
perch during the summer of 1988 after a cold spring delayed clupeid
recruitment. Although walleye diets varied among years, prey appeared
to be abundant, and walleye growth was fast during each year of
the study. Yellow perch consumed large numbers of chironomid larvae
and zooplankton. Piscivory by yellow perch was rare, and represented
opportunistic predation on benthic species such as trout-perch
Percopsis omiscomaycus. Results of energetics modeling
suggest that yellow perch subsist near a maintenance ration for
much of the growing season and experience slow growth, energy
depletion, and high natural mortality. The underlying reason appears
to be a lack of large benthic invertebrates, which may be a result
of eutrophic conditions in the inner Bay. Other forage fish populations
were abundant and stable during the 3 years of the study. Predation
on the forage fish community was low because walleye were rare.
Most yellow perch died before attaining a size that would facilitate
piscivory.